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Abstract:
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The major objective of this study is to study the factors affecting income distribution in Thailand during the 10th and 11st national social and economic development plan by using secondary data collected in 2007, 2011 and 2015 separately in province, totally 228 observations. Data analyzed by descriptive analysis and multiple regressions.
According to the study, income distribution in Thailand during the 10th and 11st National Social and Economic Development Plan had more equity considering from Gini coefficient that decreased from 2007.The results of multiple regression found that the expenditure per income and numbers of employed had negative effects on Gini coefficient at the level of statistical significance 0.05 implying more equality in the society. In contrast, debt per household, percentage of gross provincial product in agricultural sector per all and percentage of economically and person not in labor force had positive effect on Gini coefficient at the level of statistical significance 0.05 leading more inequality in the society.
Dummy variable employed to test compare for income distribution between 10th and 11st National Social and Economic development plan had significant effect on Gini coefficient implying more equality. But when compare between 6 regions of Thailand, Northern region and Northeast region have more inequality. Although, all government’s policy was success to improve income distribution in Thailand during the 10th and 11st national social and economic development plan but unsuccessful when compare between regions.
Therefore, Policy makers should be focus on raising the income of rural households and reduce income disparities in agricultural section. The policies are to promote the knowledge of technology, increase the value of agricultural products and also include the succession of sustainable agriculture.
Keywords: Income Distribution, Income Disparity, Gini coefficient, National Economic and Social Development Plan
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